encoder.go 15 KB

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  1. // Copyright 2019+ Klaus Post. All rights reserved.
  2. // License information can be found in the LICENSE file.
  3. // Based on work by Yann Collet, released under BSD License.
  4. package zstd
  5. import (
  6. "crypto/rand"
  7. "errors"
  8. "fmt"
  9. "io"
  10. "math"
  11. rdebug "runtime/debug"
  12. "sync"
  13. "github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd/internal/xxhash"
  14. )
  15. // Encoder provides encoding to Zstandard.
  16. // An Encoder can be used for either compressing a stream via the
  17. // io.WriteCloser interface supported by the Encoder or as multiple independent
  18. // tasks via the EncodeAll function.
  19. // Smaller encodes are encouraged to use the EncodeAll function.
  20. // Use NewWriter to create a new instance.
  21. type Encoder struct {
  22. o encoderOptions
  23. encoders chan encoder
  24. state encoderState
  25. init sync.Once
  26. }
  27. type encoder interface {
  28. Encode(blk *blockEnc, src []byte)
  29. EncodeNoHist(blk *blockEnc, src []byte)
  30. Block() *blockEnc
  31. CRC() *xxhash.Digest
  32. AppendCRC([]byte) []byte
  33. WindowSize(size int64) int32
  34. UseBlock(*blockEnc)
  35. Reset(d *dict, singleBlock bool)
  36. }
  37. type encoderState struct {
  38. w io.Writer
  39. filling []byte
  40. current []byte
  41. previous []byte
  42. encoder encoder
  43. writing *blockEnc
  44. err error
  45. writeErr error
  46. nWritten int64
  47. nInput int64
  48. frameContentSize int64
  49. headerWritten bool
  50. eofWritten bool
  51. fullFrameWritten bool
  52. // This waitgroup indicates an encode is running.
  53. wg sync.WaitGroup
  54. // This waitgroup indicates we have a block encoding/writing.
  55. wWg sync.WaitGroup
  56. }
  57. // NewWriter will create a new Zstandard encoder.
  58. // If the encoder will be used for encoding blocks a nil writer can be used.
  59. func NewWriter(w io.Writer, opts ...EOption) (*Encoder, error) {
  60. initPredefined()
  61. var e Encoder
  62. e.o.setDefault()
  63. for _, o := range opts {
  64. err := o(&e.o)
  65. if err != nil {
  66. return nil, err
  67. }
  68. }
  69. if w != nil {
  70. e.Reset(w)
  71. }
  72. return &e, nil
  73. }
  74. func (e *Encoder) initialize() {
  75. if e.o.concurrent == 0 {
  76. e.o.setDefault()
  77. }
  78. e.encoders = make(chan encoder, e.o.concurrent)
  79. for i := 0; i < e.o.concurrent; i++ {
  80. enc := e.o.encoder()
  81. e.encoders <- enc
  82. }
  83. }
  84. // Reset will re-initialize the writer and new writes will encode to the supplied writer
  85. // as a new, independent stream.
  86. func (e *Encoder) Reset(w io.Writer) {
  87. s := &e.state
  88. s.wg.Wait()
  89. s.wWg.Wait()
  90. if cap(s.filling) == 0 {
  91. s.filling = make([]byte, 0, e.o.blockSize)
  92. }
  93. if e.o.concurrent > 1 {
  94. if cap(s.current) == 0 {
  95. s.current = make([]byte, 0, e.o.blockSize)
  96. }
  97. if cap(s.previous) == 0 {
  98. s.previous = make([]byte, 0, e.o.blockSize)
  99. }
  100. s.current = s.current[:0]
  101. s.previous = s.previous[:0]
  102. if s.writing == nil {
  103. s.writing = &blockEnc{lowMem: e.o.lowMem}
  104. s.writing.init()
  105. }
  106. s.writing.initNewEncode()
  107. }
  108. if s.encoder == nil {
  109. s.encoder = e.o.encoder()
  110. }
  111. s.filling = s.filling[:0]
  112. s.encoder.Reset(e.o.dict, false)
  113. s.headerWritten = false
  114. s.eofWritten = false
  115. s.fullFrameWritten = false
  116. s.w = w
  117. s.err = nil
  118. s.nWritten = 0
  119. s.nInput = 0
  120. s.writeErr = nil
  121. s.frameContentSize = 0
  122. }
  123. // ResetContentSize will reset and set a content size for the next stream.
  124. // If the bytes written does not match the size given an error will be returned
  125. // when calling Close().
  126. // This is removed when Reset is called.
  127. // Sizes <= 0 results in no content size set.
  128. func (e *Encoder) ResetContentSize(w io.Writer, size int64) {
  129. e.Reset(w)
  130. if size >= 0 {
  131. e.state.frameContentSize = size
  132. }
  133. }
  134. // Write data to the encoder.
  135. // Input data will be buffered and as the buffer fills up
  136. // content will be compressed and written to the output.
  137. // When done writing, use Close to flush the remaining output
  138. // and write CRC if requested.
  139. func (e *Encoder) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
  140. s := &e.state
  141. if s.eofWritten {
  142. return 0, ErrEncoderClosed
  143. }
  144. for len(p) > 0 {
  145. if len(p)+len(s.filling) < e.o.blockSize {
  146. if e.o.crc {
  147. _, _ = s.encoder.CRC().Write(p)
  148. }
  149. s.filling = append(s.filling, p...)
  150. return n + len(p), nil
  151. }
  152. add := p
  153. if len(p)+len(s.filling) > e.o.blockSize {
  154. add = add[:e.o.blockSize-len(s.filling)]
  155. }
  156. if e.o.crc {
  157. _, _ = s.encoder.CRC().Write(add)
  158. }
  159. s.filling = append(s.filling, add...)
  160. p = p[len(add):]
  161. n += len(add)
  162. if len(s.filling) < e.o.blockSize {
  163. return n, nil
  164. }
  165. err := e.nextBlock(false)
  166. if err != nil {
  167. return n, err
  168. }
  169. if debugAsserts && len(s.filling) > 0 {
  170. panic(len(s.filling))
  171. }
  172. }
  173. return n, nil
  174. }
  175. // nextBlock will synchronize and start compressing input in e.state.filling.
  176. // If an error has occurred during encoding it will be returned.
  177. func (e *Encoder) nextBlock(final bool) error {
  178. s := &e.state
  179. // Wait for current block.
  180. s.wg.Wait()
  181. if s.err != nil {
  182. return s.err
  183. }
  184. if len(s.filling) > e.o.blockSize {
  185. return fmt.Errorf("block > maxStoreBlockSize")
  186. }
  187. if !s.headerWritten {
  188. // If we have a single block encode, do a sync compression.
  189. if final && len(s.filling) == 0 && !e.o.fullZero {
  190. s.headerWritten = true
  191. s.fullFrameWritten = true
  192. s.eofWritten = true
  193. return nil
  194. }
  195. if final && len(s.filling) > 0 {
  196. s.current = e.encodeAll(s.encoder, s.filling, s.current[:0])
  197. var n2 int
  198. n2, s.err = s.w.Write(s.current)
  199. if s.err != nil {
  200. return s.err
  201. }
  202. s.nWritten += int64(n2)
  203. s.nInput += int64(len(s.filling))
  204. s.current = s.current[:0]
  205. s.filling = s.filling[:0]
  206. s.headerWritten = true
  207. s.fullFrameWritten = true
  208. s.eofWritten = true
  209. return nil
  210. }
  211. var tmp [maxHeaderSize]byte
  212. fh := frameHeader{
  213. ContentSize: uint64(s.frameContentSize),
  214. WindowSize: uint32(s.encoder.WindowSize(s.frameContentSize)),
  215. SingleSegment: false,
  216. Checksum: e.o.crc,
  217. DictID: e.o.dict.ID(),
  218. }
  219. dst := fh.appendTo(tmp[:0])
  220. s.headerWritten = true
  221. s.wWg.Wait()
  222. var n2 int
  223. n2, s.err = s.w.Write(dst)
  224. if s.err != nil {
  225. return s.err
  226. }
  227. s.nWritten += int64(n2)
  228. }
  229. if s.eofWritten {
  230. // Ensure we only write it once.
  231. final = false
  232. }
  233. if len(s.filling) == 0 {
  234. // Final block, but no data.
  235. if final {
  236. enc := s.encoder
  237. blk := enc.Block()
  238. blk.reset(nil)
  239. blk.last = true
  240. blk.encodeRaw(nil)
  241. s.wWg.Wait()
  242. _, s.err = s.w.Write(blk.output)
  243. s.nWritten += int64(len(blk.output))
  244. s.eofWritten = true
  245. }
  246. return s.err
  247. }
  248. // SYNC:
  249. if e.o.concurrent == 1 {
  250. src := s.filling
  251. s.nInput += int64(len(s.filling))
  252. if debugEncoder {
  253. println("Adding sync block,", len(src), "bytes, final:", final)
  254. }
  255. enc := s.encoder
  256. blk := enc.Block()
  257. blk.reset(nil)
  258. enc.Encode(blk, src)
  259. blk.last = final
  260. if final {
  261. s.eofWritten = true
  262. }
  263. s.err = blk.encode(src, e.o.noEntropy, !e.o.allLitEntropy)
  264. if s.err != nil {
  265. return s.err
  266. }
  267. _, s.err = s.w.Write(blk.output)
  268. s.nWritten += int64(len(blk.output))
  269. s.filling = s.filling[:0]
  270. return s.err
  271. }
  272. // Move blocks forward.
  273. s.filling, s.current, s.previous = s.previous[:0], s.filling, s.current
  274. s.nInput += int64(len(s.current))
  275. s.wg.Add(1)
  276. if final {
  277. s.eofWritten = true
  278. }
  279. go func(src []byte) {
  280. if debugEncoder {
  281. println("Adding block,", len(src), "bytes, final:", final)
  282. }
  283. defer func() {
  284. if r := recover(); r != nil {
  285. s.err = fmt.Errorf("panic while encoding: %v", r)
  286. rdebug.PrintStack()
  287. }
  288. s.wg.Done()
  289. }()
  290. enc := s.encoder
  291. blk := enc.Block()
  292. enc.Encode(blk, src)
  293. blk.last = final
  294. // Wait for pending writes.
  295. s.wWg.Wait()
  296. if s.writeErr != nil {
  297. s.err = s.writeErr
  298. return
  299. }
  300. // Transfer encoders from previous write block.
  301. blk.swapEncoders(s.writing)
  302. // Transfer recent offsets to next.
  303. enc.UseBlock(s.writing)
  304. s.writing = blk
  305. s.wWg.Add(1)
  306. go func() {
  307. defer func() {
  308. if r := recover(); r != nil {
  309. s.writeErr = fmt.Errorf("panic while encoding/writing: %v", r)
  310. rdebug.PrintStack()
  311. }
  312. s.wWg.Done()
  313. }()
  314. s.writeErr = blk.encode(src, e.o.noEntropy, !e.o.allLitEntropy)
  315. if s.writeErr != nil {
  316. return
  317. }
  318. _, s.writeErr = s.w.Write(blk.output)
  319. s.nWritten += int64(len(blk.output))
  320. }()
  321. }(s.current)
  322. return nil
  323. }
  324. // ReadFrom reads data from r until EOF or error.
  325. // The return value n is the number of bytes read.
  326. // Any error except io.EOF encountered during the read is also returned.
  327. //
  328. // The Copy function uses ReaderFrom if available.
  329. func (e *Encoder) ReadFrom(r io.Reader) (n int64, err error) {
  330. if debugEncoder {
  331. println("Using ReadFrom")
  332. }
  333. // Flush any current writes.
  334. if len(e.state.filling) > 0 {
  335. if err := e.nextBlock(false); err != nil {
  336. return 0, err
  337. }
  338. }
  339. e.state.filling = e.state.filling[:e.o.blockSize]
  340. src := e.state.filling
  341. for {
  342. n2, err := r.Read(src)
  343. if e.o.crc {
  344. _, _ = e.state.encoder.CRC().Write(src[:n2])
  345. }
  346. // src is now the unfilled part...
  347. src = src[n2:]
  348. n += int64(n2)
  349. switch err {
  350. case io.EOF:
  351. e.state.filling = e.state.filling[:len(e.state.filling)-len(src)]
  352. if debugEncoder {
  353. println("ReadFrom: got EOF final block:", len(e.state.filling))
  354. }
  355. return n, nil
  356. case nil:
  357. default:
  358. if debugEncoder {
  359. println("ReadFrom: got error:", err)
  360. }
  361. e.state.err = err
  362. return n, err
  363. }
  364. if len(src) > 0 {
  365. if debugEncoder {
  366. println("ReadFrom: got space left in source:", len(src))
  367. }
  368. continue
  369. }
  370. err = e.nextBlock(false)
  371. if err != nil {
  372. return n, err
  373. }
  374. e.state.filling = e.state.filling[:e.o.blockSize]
  375. src = e.state.filling
  376. }
  377. }
  378. // Flush will send the currently written data to output
  379. // and block until everything has been written.
  380. // This should only be used on rare occasions where pushing the currently queued data is critical.
  381. func (e *Encoder) Flush() error {
  382. s := &e.state
  383. if len(s.filling) > 0 {
  384. err := e.nextBlock(false)
  385. if err != nil {
  386. // Ignore Flush after Close.
  387. if errors.Is(s.err, ErrEncoderClosed) {
  388. return nil
  389. }
  390. return err
  391. }
  392. }
  393. s.wg.Wait()
  394. s.wWg.Wait()
  395. if s.err != nil {
  396. // Ignore Flush after Close.
  397. if errors.Is(s.err, ErrEncoderClosed) {
  398. return nil
  399. }
  400. return s.err
  401. }
  402. return s.writeErr
  403. }
  404. // Close will flush the final output and close the stream.
  405. // The function will block until everything has been written.
  406. // The Encoder can still be re-used after calling this.
  407. func (e *Encoder) Close() error {
  408. s := &e.state
  409. if s.encoder == nil {
  410. return nil
  411. }
  412. err := e.nextBlock(true)
  413. if err != nil {
  414. if errors.Is(s.err, ErrEncoderClosed) {
  415. return nil
  416. }
  417. return err
  418. }
  419. if s.frameContentSize > 0 {
  420. if s.nInput != s.frameContentSize {
  421. return fmt.Errorf("frame content size %d given, but %d bytes was written", s.frameContentSize, s.nInput)
  422. }
  423. }
  424. if e.state.fullFrameWritten {
  425. return s.err
  426. }
  427. s.wg.Wait()
  428. s.wWg.Wait()
  429. if s.err != nil {
  430. return s.err
  431. }
  432. if s.writeErr != nil {
  433. return s.writeErr
  434. }
  435. // Write CRC
  436. if e.o.crc && s.err == nil {
  437. // heap alloc.
  438. var tmp [4]byte
  439. _, s.err = s.w.Write(s.encoder.AppendCRC(tmp[:0]))
  440. s.nWritten += 4
  441. }
  442. // Add padding with content from crypto/rand.Reader
  443. if s.err == nil && e.o.pad > 0 {
  444. add := calcSkippableFrame(s.nWritten, int64(e.o.pad))
  445. frame, err := skippableFrame(s.filling[:0], add, rand.Reader)
  446. if err != nil {
  447. return err
  448. }
  449. _, s.err = s.w.Write(frame)
  450. }
  451. if s.err == nil {
  452. s.err = ErrEncoderClosed
  453. return nil
  454. }
  455. return s.err
  456. }
  457. // EncodeAll will encode all input in src and append it to dst.
  458. // This function can be called concurrently, but each call will only run on a single goroutine.
  459. // If empty input is given, nothing is returned, unless WithZeroFrames is specified.
  460. // Encoded blocks can be concatenated and the result will be the combined input stream.
  461. // Data compressed with EncodeAll can be decoded with the Decoder,
  462. // using either a stream or DecodeAll.
  463. func (e *Encoder) EncodeAll(src, dst []byte) []byte {
  464. e.init.Do(e.initialize)
  465. enc := <-e.encoders
  466. defer func() {
  467. e.encoders <- enc
  468. }()
  469. return e.encodeAll(enc, src, dst)
  470. }
  471. func (e *Encoder) encodeAll(enc encoder, src, dst []byte) []byte {
  472. if len(src) == 0 {
  473. if e.o.fullZero {
  474. // Add frame header.
  475. fh := frameHeader{
  476. ContentSize: 0,
  477. WindowSize: MinWindowSize,
  478. SingleSegment: true,
  479. // Adding a checksum would be a waste of space.
  480. Checksum: false,
  481. DictID: 0,
  482. }
  483. dst = fh.appendTo(dst)
  484. // Write raw block as last one only.
  485. var blk blockHeader
  486. blk.setSize(0)
  487. blk.setType(blockTypeRaw)
  488. blk.setLast(true)
  489. dst = blk.appendTo(dst)
  490. }
  491. return dst
  492. }
  493. // Use single segments when above minimum window and below window size.
  494. single := len(src) <= e.o.windowSize && len(src) > MinWindowSize
  495. if e.o.single != nil {
  496. single = *e.o.single
  497. }
  498. fh := frameHeader{
  499. ContentSize: uint64(len(src)),
  500. WindowSize: uint32(enc.WindowSize(int64(len(src)))),
  501. SingleSegment: single,
  502. Checksum: e.o.crc,
  503. DictID: e.o.dict.ID(),
  504. }
  505. // If less than 1MB, allocate a buffer up front.
  506. if len(dst) == 0 && cap(dst) == 0 && len(src) < 1<<20 && !e.o.lowMem {
  507. dst = make([]byte, 0, len(src))
  508. }
  509. dst = fh.appendTo(dst)
  510. // If we can do everything in one block, prefer that.
  511. if len(src) <= e.o.blockSize {
  512. enc.Reset(e.o.dict, true)
  513. // Slightly faster with no history and everything in one block.
  514. if e.o.crc {
  515. _, _ = enc.CRC().Write(src)
  516. }
  517. blk := enc.Block()
  518. blk.last = true
  519. if e.o.dict == nil {
  520. enc.EncodeNoHist(blk, src)
  521. } else {
  522. enc.Encode(blk, src)
  523. }
  524. // If we got the exact same number of literals as input,
  525. // assume the literals cannot be compressed.
  526. oldout := blk.output
  527. // Output directly to dst
  528. blk.output = dst
  529. err := blk.encode(src, e.o.noEntropy, !e.o.allLitEntropy)
  530. if err != nil {
  531. panic(err)
  532. }
  533. dst = blk.output
  534. blk.output = oldout
  535. } else {
  536. enc.Reset(e.o.dict, false)
  537. blk := enc.Block()
  538. for len(src) > 0 {
  539. todo := src
  540. if len(todo) > e.o.blockSize {
  541. todo = todo[:e.o.blockSize]
  542. }
  543. src = src[len(todo):]
  544. if e.o.crc {
  545. _, _ = enc.CRC().Write(todo)
  546. }
  547. blk.pushOffsets()
  548. enc.Encode(blk, todo)
  549. if len(src) == 0 {
  550. blk.last = true
  551. }
  552. err := blk.encode(todo, e.o.noEntropy, !e.o.allLitEntropy)
  553. if err != nil {
  554. panic(err)
  555. }
  556. dst = append(dst, blk.output...)
  557. blk.reset(nil)
  558. }
  559. }
  560. if e.o.crc {
  561. dst = enc.AppendCRC(dst)
  562. }
  563. // Add padding with content from crypto/rand.Reader
  564. if e.o.pad > 0 {
  565. add := calcSkippableFrame(int64(len(dst)), int64(e.o.pad))
  566. var err error
  567. dst, err = skippableFrame(dst, add, rand.Reader)
  568. if err != nil {
  569. panic(err)
  570. }
  571. }
  572. return dst
  573. }
  574. // MaxEncodedSize returns the expected maximum
  575. // size of an encoded block or stream.
  576. func (e *Encoder) MaxEncodedSize(size int) int {
  577. frameHeader := 4 + 2 // magic + frame header & window descriptor
  578. if e.o.dict != nil {
  579. frameHeader += 4
  580. }
  581. // Frame content size:
  582. if size < 256 {
  583. frameHeader++
  584. } else if size < 65536+256 {
  585. frameHeader += 2
  586. } else if size < math.MaxInt32 {
  587. frameHeader += 4
  588. } else {
  589. frameHeader += 8
  590. }
  591. // Final crc
  592. if e.o.crc {
  593. frameHeader += 4
  594. }
  595. // Max overhead is 3 bytes/block.
  596. // There cannot be 0 blocks.
  597. blocks := (size + e.o.blockSize) / e.o.blockSize
  598. // Combine, add padding.
  599. maxSz := frameHeader + 3*blocks + size
  600. if e.o.pad > 1 {
  601. maxSz += calcSkippableFrame(int64(maxSz), int64(e.o.pad))
  602. }
  603. return maxSz
  604. }